What Is a Private Water and Wastewater Provider?
Private water and wastewater providers are non-government entities that own, maintain and operate a water and/or wastewater utility, usually serving residential, commercial and industrial customers. They are highly regulated by state governments and must meet all state and federal drinking water and wastewater standards.
National and Local Challenges
Municipalities must oversee public safety, police and fire services, garbage and recycling management, internal improvements, schools, etc. Adding water and wastewater responsibilities can overburden staff and residents—especially given the serious challenges facing that infrastructure today.
2million
Americans without access to running water or indoor plumbing
“MSU study: 2 million Americans lack clean water access,” Michigan Farm News, 9/2/24
30million
Americans whose drinking water currently violates safety standards
“Researchers identify US counties with worst drinking water violations,” The Hill, 4/15/25
$63billion
Estimated economic loss for top water-reliant industries in 2025
ASCE’s “Bridging the Gap: The Power of Investment in Water”
$125trillion
EPA estimated cost of water infrastructure improvements needed across the country over the next two decades
EPA’s “Water Affordability Needs Assessment: Report to Congress,” December 2024
33.3trillion
Gallons of water each year that leave a water treatment plant but leak through outdated infrastructure and never reach a faucet
ASCE’s “A Comprehensive Assessment of America’s Infrastructure” 2025 Report Card
The Role of Private Water and Wastewater Providers
Across the U.S.
Role of regulation
In every state, Public Utility Commissions play a key role in regulating private water and wastewater services. Commissions set water rates, review utility spending, and approve plans for system improvements.
Private water and wastewater footprint
The 10 largest private water companies in the United States collectively invested more than $5 billion in community water systems in 2022.
Customer satisfaction
Private water and wastewater providers often score higher on overall customer satisfaction in their region, according to JD Power.
